Role of Rhizospheric Microbes in Soil by Vijay Singh Meena

Author:Vijay Singh Meena
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer Singapore, Singapore

5.6 Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives

Phosphate-solubilizing microbes (PSM) play an important role in P supply to plants. Their use as a biofertilizer can help in reducing dependence on phosphatic fertilizers and economizing crop production besides ensuring environmental safety. In order to harness the potential of PSM, future research should focus on the stability and performance of the phosphate solubilization ability for both natural and genetically modified strains applied to soil. The detailed biochemical and molecular mechanisms of P solubilization operative in PSM are poorly understood. Mineral phosphate-solubilizing ability of microbes could be linked to specific genes. The rhizosphere competence is a major determinant for the success of the inoculants. Understanding the genetic basis of P solubilization could help in transforming more rhizosphere-competent bacteria into PSMs. Future studies on chromosomal insertion of the PQQ synthase gene would be advantageous, both to avoid horizontal transfer risk and to increase the stability of the new trait. Future research should also focus on the microbial solubilization of phosphates bound to iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) compounds and organic P present in the soils.

AM fungi together with PSMs could be much more effective in the utilization of native soil P. Understanding AM-PSM symbiosis and attempts to develop AM fungi which could be cultured in vitro may help realize their potential as phosphate biofertilizers. Immobilization of PSM for use in agriculture, so far, is limited to entrapment in gels or passive immobilization only. Immobilization by adsorption on inert materials may offer minimal mass transfer limitations and supports which are cheap, nontoxic to the microbes, and mechanically stable. There is a necessity to explore other suitable natural or synthetic polymers with controlled characteristics as immobilizer for PSM.

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